Marlon Martin explains that the Ifugao pantheon includes more than 2,000 gods, deities, and nature spirits, with bululs classified as minor deities originating in the underworld. Although often described as rice guardians, they are understood to be part of a family of gods with both benevolent and destructive capacities. In Ifugao narratives, bululs possess the power to multiply rice as well as the ability to inflict illness, reflecting the dual nature common to many deities. Martin notes that the Ifugao venerate bululs for their capacity to ensure abundance and support healing, which frames their significance within the broader spiritual landscape.